570,000 Uighurs forced to pick cotton in govt scheme: report

BEIJING – Hundreds of thousands of ethnic minority labourers in China’s northwestern Xinjiang region are being forced into picking cotton by hand through a coercive state labour scheme, said a report.

Rights activists have said the northwestern Xinjiang region is home to a vast network of extrajudicial internment camps that have imprisoned at least one million people, which Beijing has defended as vocational training centres to counter extremism.

A report by Washington-based think-tank the Centre for Global Policy published yesterday – which referenced online government documents – said in 2018, three Uighur-majority regions within Xinjiang sent at least 570,000 people to pick cotton as part of a state-run coercive labour transfer scheme.

Researchers estimate that the total number involved in coerced Xinjiang cotton-picking – which relies heavily on manual labour – exceeds that figure by “several hundred thousand”.

Xinjiang is a global hub for the crop, producing over 20% of the world’s cotton, with the report warning of the “potentially drastic consequences” for global supply chains.

Around a fifth of the yarn used in the US comes from Xinjiang.

Beijing said all detainees have “graduated” from the centres, but reports have suggested that many former inmates were transferred to low-skilled manufacturing factory jobs, often linked to the camps.

But, the think-tank report, citing government documents, said labour transfer scheme participants are heavily surveilled by police, with point-to-point transfers, “military-style management” and ideological training.

“It is clear that labour transfers for cotton-picking involve a very high risk of forced labour,” said Adrian Zenz, who uncovered the documents, in the report.

“Some minorities may exhibit a degree of consent in relation to this process, and they may benefit financially. However... it is impossible to define where coercion ends, and where local consent may begin.”

The report also said there is a strong ideological incentive to enforce the scheme, as the boost in rural incomes allows officials to hit state-mandated poverty-alleviation targets.

China has strongly denied claims of forced labour involving Uighurs in Xinjiang, and accused the US of wanting to “suppress Xinjiang companies”.

Beijing also said training programmes, work schemes and better education have helped stamp out extremism in the region.

Earlier this month, the US banned imports of cotton produced by the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, a major paramilitary entity, which covers about a third of the crop produced in the region.

Another proposed bill banning all imports from Xinjiang has yet to pass the US Senate.

Several international brands, including Adidas, Gap and Nike, have been accused of using Uighur forced labour in their textile supply chains, according to a March report by the Australian Strategic Policy Institute. – AFP, December 15, 2020